Endoscopy is of two types: Upper GI Endoscopy and Lower GI Endoscopy. The former, popularly recognised as oesophagogastroscopy, examines the upper GI tract using a video endoscope. It is usually prescribed to patients suffering from stomach, oesophagus and small intestine-related diseases.
The latter, namely lower GI endoscopy, is popularly identified as full colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy. It involves a visual examination of the anal canal, colon and rectum by a video colonoscope. It determines the existence of anorectal and large-intestine diseases.